GIT Commands

Hello All, In this blog we'll study about basic commands and terminologies in GIT .

What is GIT ?

• GIT is most popular Version Control System used by many software development projects around the world

Few basic terminologies used in GIT

• Repository : Repository is simply a place where the history of our work is stored.
• Clone : Copying of remote GIT repository into local system.
• Pull : To get latest code into our local system.
• Add : Adding new file into GIT, which we want to commit.
• Push : Pushing our local system files into remote GIT repository.
• Commit : File which is stored in the repository. These files reside in the GIT directory.
• Modify : File is modified and the latest version is not stored in the repository. These files reside in the working directory.
• Stage : File was modified and is marked to be included in the next commit. These files reside in the staging area.

GIT commands to work

• To get remote GIT repository into our local system for the first time

Syntax  : git clone <GIT URL>
Example : git clone https://domaiNname/branchName.git

• To get recent changes from remote repository into our local system

Syntax  : git pull
Example : git pull

• To push new file from local system to remote GIT repository, one has to perform below actions

Syntax  : git add <fileName>   - To add single file
          git add *            - To add multipe files
          git commit -m <commit message>
          git push

Example : Let's say we have one file with name Report.java which has to commit in remote repository.
          git add Report.java
          git commit -m "Commiting the Report.java file"
          git push

Note    : Always we should take a pull before push, to avoid conflicts.

• To check the status of files in local system

Syntax  : git status
Example : git status

Note    : It shows the status of files which are added, modified, committed etc

• To revert the file from our local git repository

Syntax   : git checkout <fileName> - To revert back single file to it's older git revision
           git checkout .      - To revert back all changed files
Example  : git checkout Report.java
                  (or)
           git checkout .

• To stash our local git changes, when we take pull without undo our local file changes

Syntax  : git stash        
          git stash list   
          git stash apply  
Example : git stash        - To stash our local changes
          git stash list   - To see the list of files we stashed
          git stash apply  - To get back the stahed files
Note    : To get updated changes/pull in particluar files without loosing our changes.

• To check git logs history

Syntax  : git log
Example : git log
Note    : Above command shows history with Commit ID, Author, Date and Commit Description

• To exit GIT terminal

Syntax  : logout
Example : logout

Note : In this blog we have covered very few commands, will come up with branching and merging of GIT in the next blog.